Theories in group work

Theories in ag theme act asReflection on free radical taskThis essay is going to reflect on encyclopedism gained from a conclave task carried out in the unit lectures. I provide explore the theories which inform group work, inter-disciplinary and collaborative on the job(p) and the application of these theories in relation to the group work. I give in like manner identify how I will develop my practice in relation to my current skills and aras for development. Finally, I will also reflect on how I use up developed my self-awareness, professional value and professional development, in relation to group work task and how this will inform my future professional practice.Toseland and Rivas (2008) define group work as a goal directed activity aimed at accomplishing tasks. Members of the group lay down the luck to share ideas, feelings, thoughts, beliefs, engage in interactions and also share experiences. The group members develop feelings of mutual interdependence and a sense of belonging. Martin and Rogers (2004) define inter-disciplinary working as a squad of individuals with diametric professionals working collaboratively with a shared understanding of goals, tasks and responsibilities. This collaborative working is needed when the problems are complex, a consensus decision is required and also when different competencies are needed. correspond to Cheminais (2009), the approach to the collaborative working requires clarity on roles, power, accountability and strategic planning. Salas et al. (2012) states that, group work was developed from a philosophy of large number working together for mutual gain and theories later emerged to provide clarity regarding the dynamics of groups and to provide an understanding of human behaviour. A group or team up can be dumb by looking at Tuckman and Jensens (1977) model of group formation which comprise of forming, storming, norming, performing and later adjourning. harmonise to Tuchman and Jensen (1977), the forming demo of a group involves clarifying common interests and roles to be pushovered. Martin and Rogers (2004) states that, in an inter-disciplinary team this is the grade where membership is established, team purpose is clarified, roles and boundaries are decided and interpersonal relationships begin. According to Tuchman and Jensen (1977), the storming stage may involve the problem-solving processes and this is usually where conflict emerges. If the conflict is unresolved, it can inhibit the teams progress. The norming stage usually involves the clarification of the task and establishing the agenda. This stage involves belonging, growth and control. The performing stage involves the allocation, implementation, and evaluation of the task. Finally, the adjourning stage can include the celebration of task completion. Reflecting on the unit group task, I think my group went through Tuckman and Jensens (1977) model group formation which included the formingstage in which the gro up purpose was clarified. The group went through the stormimg stage and at that point, on that point were disagreements on what should be included and how the task will be presented. One of the group members suggested that a role play was ideal for the presentation and I was not comfortable with the idea, as I thought that all of the nurture was not going to be included in the role play. I was anxious, as I had not get the general picture of exactly what the role play was about. I alsofeltanxious as former(a) members elected me to take the lead role as I had experience in working with psychiatrists. At that judgment of conviction I felt that the team wanted me to do most of the task and I rejected their ideas they were putting forward. I think I did this unconsciously because I realised my actions later on when my group members gave feedback. The group also decided that we give ourselves time to research on the topic given (norming stage) and then meet the following week. I was v ery frustrated to find the following week that some(prenominal) of the group members did not bring the material they had researched. As I have worked with psychiatrist before and had researched I took on the lead role and shared the information I had.Belbins (2010) work identified roles in teams which each offer positive contributions to team working. The roles include innovator, implementer, completer, evaluator, investigator, shaper, team maintainer, co-ordinator and expert. Reflecting on Belbins (2010) group roles, each team member brought strength and perspectives grounded in their discipline and experience. During the group work task, I had the experience and knowledge in relation to the task and I found myself tip the group on sourcing information. I got positive feedback from my group colleagues such as, goal oriented, researched well on the topic, contributed well and very good ideas on the role play, however I was criticised for being inflexible with ideas of others. I th ink I took the role of an implementer who turns ideas and decisions into tasks and actions but inflexible and reluctant to change plans. However from my previous musical arrangement I think I took the role of an investigator in a proposed group discover of working with young mothers to enable them to gain independent skills. The intention failed because I lost interest as a result of constraint in obtaining the resources.In Belbins (2010) model, an investigator explores opportunities and resources from many sources however can surpass from one task to another and lose interest. Looking back at it, I think this was because I tend to do things in a coordinate way and task oriented. The resources in the organisations did not allow me to do the task in time and I end up losing interest. I later understood the situation of working in an organisation team by looking at the group system theory.According to Connors and Caple (2005), group systems theory provides an understanding and wo rking with teams or groups in an organisation as it goes beyond a focus on the individual or interpersonal exchanges. They suggested that, a group systems theory is influenced by the interactions within the group and by the external environment. All the group members influence group dynamics however, the organisation in which the group work may impacts the group work with its boundaries, power structures that make decisions and the resources it allocates for group work. The environment impacts the group and the group can impact the larger social environment. I abandoned a project which was going to benefit the young mothers and in a way the community as well. In group systems theory, a change in any segment of a system creates change in that system and in the other systems in which it is embedded.Another form of group theory emerged from Bion (1989) who viewed the group working as a collective entity and was concerned with overt and covert aspects. Bion (1989) suggested that overt aspects are the task and purpose of the group. The covert aspects are the unconscious emotions and the basic assumptions of group functioning. Bion (1989) also proposed three basic assumptions in group working. He suggested that there is the dependency group, which assumes that security and protection can be obtained from the group leader. Members expect the leader to have all the answers. As a result, individuals may act helpless and incompetent in the hopes that the group leader will carry the responsibilities. This was evident in my group as they assumed that as I am a mental health nurse and had worked with psychiatrist before, I will have all the information at hand. When this did not occur, group members bend angry or expressed their disappointment by acting incompetent and not doing enough research. Bions (1989) other basic assumption is the fight-flight group. Examples of flight include absences and fight is demonstrated by resisting reflection and self-examination. In inte r-disciplinary working, flight is demonstrated by blaming management for the failure of team work. The final basic assumption identified by Bion (1989) is the pairing group where two group members form a bond. The rest of the group may become inactive as the pair rely on each other and exclude other group members.Salas et a.l (2012) state that, it is necessary to develop a supposed framework to guide group practice and to support my techniques and interventions. I am responsible for formulating my own theoretical framework that is derived from the synthesis of theories and that is aligned with my natural views and inclinations. To contact this it is imperative that I be self-aware and grounded in theories of small group work, including the strengths and limitations of the theories. Only then I can select theories and interventions that are advantageous and let fit for the client. The Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP) (2012) also states that, I should understand the key c oncepts of the knowledge base relevant to social work so as to master change and development.Gilley et al. (2010) suggested that the purpose of a group is to accomplish the task and for the practitioner to develop problem-solving skills. As a social work student, in order to work collaboratively, I need to develop skills, knowledge, and attitudes in conflict resolution, problem solving, parley, organisational understanding, decision making, and task coordination. This is imperative as I will be working in teams with other professionals or agencies. From the unit group work, I have learnt that co-operation is vital for effective teamwork. Acknowledging and respecting other opinions and viewpoints while maintaining the willingness to examine and change personal beliefs and perspectives are some of the skills I have learnt. I also now have an understanding of the importance of accepting and sharing responsibilities, participating in group decision-making and effective communication. I have also developed skills in exchanging of ideas and discussion and also how to relay and support my own viewpoint with confidence. As a future social worker, unique(predicate) leadership skills are required to manage an inter-disciplinary team, so I need to develop skills in the ability to recognise the challenges inherent not only in group dynamics, but in trying to blend the different professional cultures represented in the team. According to Crawford (2012), to work effectively and confidently with other professionals, I need to understand my own professional identity as a social worker. The HCPC (2012) states that, I need to be able to engage in inter-professional and inter-agency communication and work in partnership with other agencies as part of a multi-disciplinary team. It is also vital that I develop self awareness of my behaviour and values. According to Hall (2005), values are internalised, therefore they can create obstacles that may actually be invisible to diffe rent team members. Therefore the professional values must be made apparent to all professionals involved.Through experiences in group work feedback received from other group members and self observation, I have learnt about my maladaptive style of interacting with others and perceptual distortions. I have also learnt that I need to acknowledge and appreciate the differences and adjust, adapt, and mirror interpersonal interactions when interacting with others. If faced with the identical situation again I would try to take into consideration other peoples ideas and also take into consideration that, as people we are different and we have different approaches to tasks.ReferencesBelbin, R. M. (2010) Management teams. 3rd edn. Oxford Elsevier LimitedBion, W. R. (1989) Experiences in groups and other papers. New edition. London RoutledgeCheminais, R. (2009) Effective multi-agency partnerships putting every child matters into practice. Dawsonera Online. uncommitted at https//www.dawson era.com/readonline/9781446203514/startPage/38 (Accessed 13 January 2014)Connors, J. and Caple, R. (2005) Review of group systems theory,Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 30(2), pp. 93-110, SocINDEX Online. Available at http//0-ehis.ebscohost.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=5sid=a5e06866-f590-4862-bcbb-3dea9991c6f0%40sessionmgr4005hid=4108 (Accessed 30 December 2013)Crawford, K. (2012) Interprofessional Collaboration in Social Work Practice. London sage Publications LimitedGilley, J.W., Waite, A.M., Coates, T., Veliquette, A. and Morris, M.L. (2010) Integrated theoretical model for building effective teams,Advances In Developing Human Resources12(1) pp. 7-28.SCOPUS Online. Available at http//0-ehis.ebscohost.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/eds/detail?sid=a5e06866-f590-4862-bcbb-3dea9991c6f0%40sessionmgr4005vid=10hid=4108 (Accessed 30 December 2013)Hall, P. (2005) Interprofessional teamwork professional cultures as barriers,Journal of Interprofessional Care19 pp. 188-196. CIN AHL Online. Available at http//0-ehis.ebscohost.com.brum.beds.ac.uk/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=13sid=a5e06866-f590-4862-bcbb-3dea9991c6f0%40sessionmgr4005hid=4108 (Accessed 12 January 2014)Health and Care Professions Council (2012) Standards of proficiency. Available at http//www.hpc-uk.org/assets/documents/10003B08Standardsofproficiency-SocialworkersinEngland.pdf (Accessed 20 January 2014)Martin, V. and Rogers, A. M. ( 2004) Leading interprofessional teams in health and social care. Dawsonera Online. Available at https//www.dawsonera.com/readonline/9780203505359/startPage/139 (Accessed 10 January 2014)Salas, L. M., Roe-Sepowitz, D. and Le Croy, C. W. (2012) Small group theory, in Thyer, B. A., Dulmus, C. N. and Sowers, K. M. (eds) Human behavior in the social environment theories for social work practice. Dawsonera Online. Available at https//www.dawsonera.com/readonline/9781118227251/startPage/363 (Accessed 15 January 2014)Toseland, R. W. and Rivas, R. F. (2008) An introduction to groupwork practice. 6th edn. Harlow Pearson Education Limited.Tuckman, B. W. and Jensen, M. A. (1977). Stages of small group development revisited, Group and organizational Studies, 2(4) pp. 419- 427. Available at http//www.freewebs.com/group-management/BruceTuckman(1).pdf (Accessed 30 December 2013)

Family Practice :: Residency Admissions Essays

Family Practice I was born in Tamil Nadu, a southeastern state in India. I did my schooling in Madras, a large metropolitan city in India. I was affaired in science courses especially in Zoology. This interest, combined with my desire to serve the humanity, I set my career goal to become a physician. I then joined Stanley Medical College, which is one of the finest in health check schools in India. After graduation, I worked for a year with an internist, where I dealt with medical emergencies and did inpatient management. I decided to pursue my postgraduate studies to further broaden my knowledge in July 1993. I chose midwifery and Gynecology as my specialty and received my diploma in Ob Gyn in June 95. I participated in the continuing medical education programs and as well did rear end side teaching for the medical students and received excellent feedback from my preceptors. Following my post graduation, I worked for two years with hands on experience with a commixture of O bstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatrics, Medical and Surgical cases and attended a free weekly clinic providing primary care to the rural people. I moved to California in July 1997. I have successfully completed my step one and step two exams in June and March 1998 respectively. In order to gain some insight into the medical practices in the United States, I am volunteering as a research assistant at the Veterans Affairs Hospital in Palo Alto, an affiliate of the Stanford University School of pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, where I am involved with the evaluation of The Diagnosis and Staging of Lung Cancer using Positron Emission Tomography, the results of this work will be published in a few months. At the Veterans Hospital, I also attend the Pulmonary Grand Rounds, Pulmonary Clinics and lectures with the Stanford Residents in the ICU and the GMC. I also volunteer in other primary care facilities. Research and work has given me the opportunity to interact with people and to accl imatize to the US culture. My personal interest includes Indian classical music and travel. I play the Veena, a string instrument used widely in the Indian Classical Music which has astonied the western artists for its wide range of musical tones. Family Practice deals with all the aspects of medicine and focuses on preventive care.

A Comparison of Love in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Essay -- compa

Love in Jane Eyre and Wide sargasso Sea In the passages presented below, both narrators are soliciting affection and love. For Jane, in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, her pose figure, Aunt vibrating reed, shows absolutely no affection towards her niece. Coldly, Ms. Reed regards Jane only as a pestilential child she was left to raise. Similarly, Antoinette, in Jean Rhyss Wide Sargasso Sea, is raised disregarded and unloved by her mother Annette. Although shunned, Jane and Antoinette both have the passion and willingness to love. However, it is the paths their lives took that characterizes the representation they chose to deal with lifes uncertainties. My disposition is non so bad as you think I am passionate, but not vindictive. Many a time, as a little child, I should have been glad to love you if you would have let me and I long earnestly to be reconciled to you know kiss me, aunt. I approached my cheek to her lips she would not touch it. She said I oppressed her by leani ng over the bed and once more demanded water. As I laid her down--for I raised her and supported her on my arm while she drank--I covered her ice-cold and clammy hand with mine the wonky fingers shrank form my touch-the glazing eyes shunted my gaze... Poor, suffering woman It was too late for her to make now the effort to change her habitual... ...unned by her mother. She was simply incapable of trying to acquire it. Works Cited and Consulted Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 Ciolkowski, Laura E.. Navigating the Wide Sargasso Sea Twentieth Century Literature. Vol 43. 3. 1997125-140. Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston G. K. Hall, 1990. Howells, Coral Ann. Jean Rhys. New York Harvester Wheatsheaf. 1991. Macpherson, Pat. Reflecting on Jane Eyre. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge, 1989. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London Penguin, 1968. Wyndham, F. Introduction. Wide Sargasso Sea. By Jean Rhys. London Pengui n, 1996. 1-15. A Comparison of Love in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Essay -- compaLove in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea In the passages presented below, both narrators are soliciting affection and love. For Jane, in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, her mother figure, Aunt Reed, shows absolutely no affection towards her niece. Coldly, Ms. Reed regards Jane only as a bothersome child she was left to raise. Similarly, Antoinette, in Jean Rhyss Wide Sargasso Sea, is raised disregarded and unloved by her mother Annette. Although shunned, Jane and Antoinette both have the passion and willingness to love. However, it is the paths their lives took that characterizes the way they chose to deal with lifes uncertainties. My disposition is not so bad as you think I am passionate, but not vindictive. Many a time, as a little child, I should have been glad to love you if you would have let me and I long earnestly to be reconciled to you know kiss me, aunt. I approached my cheek to her lips she would not touch it. She said I oppressed her by leaning over the bed and again demanded water. As I laid her down--for I raised her and supported her on my arm while she drank--I covered her ice-cold and clammy hand with mine the feeble fingers shrank form my touch-the glazing eyes shunted my gaze... Poor, suffering woman It was too late for her to make now the effort to change her habitual... ...unned by her mother. She was simply incapable of trying to achieve it. Works Cited and Consulted Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 Ciolkowski, Laura E.. Navigating the Wide Sargasso Sea Twentieth Century Literature. Vol 43. 3. 1997125-140. Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston G. K. Hall, 1990. Howells, Coral Ann. Jean Rhys. New York Harvester Wheatsheaf. 1991. Macpherson, Pat. Reflecting on Jane Eyre. London Routledge, 1989. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London Penguin, 1968. Wyndham, F. Introduction. Wide Sargasso Sea. By Jean Rhys. London Penguin, 1996. 1-15.

acupuncture :: essays research papers

AcupunctureThe Chinese healing art of acupuncture is one that nominate be dated back at least two thousand years. Some authorities maintain that acupuncture has been practiced in China for level(p) four thousand years. Though its exact age is vague, what is certain is that up until the recent twentieth century, much of the population of the world was uninformed virtu totallyy acupuncture, its origins, and its competency to promote and maintain good health. Even today in relatively "advanced" nations such as the United States there are many who establish acupuncture under the stereotype of a new or radical medicine, one which would almost always be a second choice by and by more familiar Western approaches to handling illness.Acupuncture (and its related Moxibustion) are practiced medical treatments that are over 5,000 years old. Very basically, Acupuncture is the institution of very fine needles, (sometimes in conjunction with electrical stimulus), on the bodys surfac e, in order to influence physiological functioning of the body.The first record of Acupuncture is found in the 4,700 year old Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperors Classic of Internal Medicine). This is said to be the oldest medical textbook in the world. It is said to have been written down from tear down earlier theories by Shen Nung, the father of Chinese Medicine. Shen Nung documented theories about circulation, pulse, and the heart over 4,000 years before European medicine had any concept about them. As the basis of Acupuncture, Shen Nung theorized that the body had an energy force running throughout it. This energy force is known as Qi (roughly pronounced Chee). The Qi consists of all essential life activities which include the spiritual, emotional, mental and the physical aspects of life. A persons health is influenced by the flow of Qi in the body, in combination with the universal forces of Yin and Yang nothing constantly flows up and down these pathways. When pathways becom e obstructed, deficient, excessive, or just unbalanced, Yin and Yang are said to be thrown out of balance. This causes illness. Acupuncture is said to restore the balance.Acupuncturists croup use as many as nine types of Acupuncture needles, though only six are commonly used today. These needles vary in length, largeness of shaft, and shape of head. Today, most needles are disposible. They are used once and disgarded in accordance with medical biohazard regulations and guidlines. There are a few contrastive precise methods by which Acupuncturists insert needles.

Essay --

Over the years, there have been multiple studies on the stimulation effects on the brain from brain exercises. close to of the more prominent studies atomic number 18 the IMPACT, ACTIVE, and IHAMS studies. First off, the IMPACT study which had 487 participants. It is the monolithicst experiment ever to examine whether or not brain stimulants are able to meliorate cognitive abilities in adults. Led by distinguished scientists from Mayo Clinic and the University of Southern California, the IMPACT study proves that people can make statistically significant gains in memory and processing speed if they do the right kind of scientifically designed cognitive exercises. Studies prove that people can make statistically large gains in memory and processing speed if they do certain brain exercises.The study was conducted on the original Posit Science Brain Fitness Program, which contains 6 of the auditory exercises in BrainHQ Sound Sweeps, which was called High or Low, Fine Tuning, Memory Grid, Syllable Stacks, To-do List Training, and In the Know. Those who participated in the study trained with these exercises for a total of about forty hours.Specifically, the IMPACT study found that the people that used the exercises became more efficient in the exercise tasks. This was an expected result, seeing as how the exercises would make the people think quicker to respond to the tasks. The improvements included better memorization, quicker response, and expert overall increased efficiency. Gold standard memory assessmentstests that are widely known to and accepted by doctorsshowed that the Posit Science exercises genuinely improve memory overall.(Posit Science, 2013) This was a major achievement because it showed that the exercises dont just teach shor... ...ctive control group, who followed a computer-based program of active learning. The IMPACT study proves that cognitive decline is not inevitable and irreversible. Adultsregardless of their education level, IQ, or oth erwise demographic factorscan improve their cognitive abilities. Just as every adult can bring in from physical exercise, every adult can benefit from the right kind of cognitive fitness as well. Using Posit Science exercises available as part of BrainHQ can effectively strengthen and manufacture memory and processing speed. These improvements help people perform better at work, connect better with others, enjoy their favorite activities more, and keep up with daily tasks efficiently. thither have also been studies to show that physical training helps stimulate the brain as well. Sports, working out, simply running can help the brain start out into a routine and learn

Tabloids: A Representation of what we consider News Essay example -- E

Tabloids A Representation of what we consider News Why is it that every time we see that somevirtuoso is keeping a journal we have that wild sweet pea urge to sneak into their bag and read all of their innermost thoughts? We all experience it. Although most want to deny it, there is no escaping that part of us that wants to know all we can about other people. Luckily, there is a medium that lets us do just that. Tabloids make the lives of others, especially celebrities, an open hold up for all to read and scrutinize. Not only do tabloids offer the lives of others on a silver platter, but they also let readers get sensational satisfaction, kernel they have the ability to be actively involved in articles with all their senses. Emotional stories, graphic images, terrifying fantastic epics, the lives of others, are all presented to readers in one convenient medium the tabloid. The tabloid is not a new medium whatsoever, in fact the model for the modern tabloid dates all th e way back end to folklore. Before the printing embrace was introduced into society, oral storytelling was the only way society satisfied their craving for scandal and thrilling stories. People spoke about their neighbours business and far-fetched happenings, and the only way to pass those stories on was to tell the story. Just like a game of telephone that we have all vie in grade school, stories ended up changing and being misconstrued to later form urban legends that we still hear about today. It wasnt until Johann Gutenberg introduced the printing press in the 1450s that the ancestors of tabloids truly emerged in a form that specifically helped to shape the modern tabloid we see today. America and Europe experienced a monumental transformation because... ...bloid Tales Global Debates over Media Standards. Maryland Roman & Littlefield Publishers, 2000.Sloan, Bill. I Watched a Wild Hog Eat My Baby A Colorful memorial of Tabloids and Their ethnic Impact. New York Promet heus Books. 2001 Lumby, Catherine and Elspeth Probyn. RemoteControl New Media, New Ethics. New York Cambridge University Press, 2003.Cuozzo, Steven. Its Alive How Americas Oldest Newspaper Cheated Death and Why is Matters. New York Random House, 1996. Bird, Elizabeth S. For Enquiring Minds A Cultural Study of Supermarket Tabloids. Tennesse Undecided of Tennessee, 1992.Yalof, David and Kenneth Dautrich. The First Amendment and the Media in the Court of Public Opinion. New York Cambridge University Press, 2002. Barkin, Steve M. The Journalist Storyteller A Interdisciplinary Perspective. American Journalism Vol 1. 1984.

MacDonald Essay -- Business, Protective Tariffs Policy

Although they represented differed political parties, Sir John A. MacDonald and Sir Wilfred Laurier pursued the same goals while in office. MacDonald recognized Canadas need for protective tariffs on exported goods, the need of settlement in the west, and the need for a railway to unify the nation. MacDonald immediately implemented protectionism and the establishment of a railway. On the other hand, Laurier took these goals and expanded on them. John A. MacDonald outlined the goals of Canada in the National Policy and these goals were accomplished in the period of the Laurier Boom. The first goal of MacDonalds National Policy was the establishment of protective tariffs on goods. Although formerly a relay transmitter of free trade, MacDonald decided that the current circumstances were favorable to protectionism (Stevenson, 194). His advocacy for protective tariffs had great impact on Canadians, so much that the nation voted MacDonald into office in 1878. For the next eighteen years after the establishment of the National Policy, the Liberals held to a rigid free trade philosophy and directed its main attack upon the tariff system and the anti-protectionist case came to enjoy wide acceptance (194). When MacDonald first implemented protectionism, Laurier, like many other liberals, was against the idea. However, once in power, Laurier was prompted by British orientation course to maintain the policy of high protection (194). However, the tariff issue was banished once the boom took flight as Canadas export markets were thriving. The country experienced great prosperity, speedy development as well as expansion, especially for the railways (194). Once the countrys prosperity began to slow down, farmers of the west that were the chief sufferer... ...s National Policy and Wilfred Laurier accomplished it in his term in office, the period known as the Laurier Boom. This goes to show that the different political parties do not vary so much in their ideas, but more( prenominal) so in the ways of which they execute them. These two men exemplify their political parties although both parties ar equally motivated, when executing their practices, conservatives tend to be more laid back and behind the scenes and liberals are more diligent and in the forefront. For example, MacDonald came up with and outlined the policy, and Laurier took the policy into application. Although their approaches are different, the ideas and actions of these two men together are the reason for the development of Canada as a nation. Therefore, with this in mind, both the Laurier government and the MacDonald government created the nation of Canada.